Introduction: UPS Full Form
We all know that the UPS is generally used for computers. UPS stands for Uninterruptible Power Supply.
An UPS operates on a battery which is used to supply power when the main primary source fails or when the supply is cut off. A UPS can keep a computer running for a few minutes giving you enough time to save all your data before you lose it.
If you lose power, you don't have to worry about losing data with a UPS. It is possible for you to save your data and shut down your computer by using a UPS.
Battery size is an important factor to consider when choosing a UPS system. Currently, there are many UPSs available on the market that automatically save your data and shut down your computer when it is not in use. A UPS acts as an intermediary or link between the power source and the machine.
Types of UPS Systems:
1. Stand-by UPS (Offline UPS)
It is also known as an offline UPS, and if the power goes out, it switches to battery power within a few milliseconds. There is no power to the computer during this time. It is widely used in computer and office supply stores.
2. Online UPS
An online UPS provides uninterrupted power through its own inverter. Providing continuous power is made possible by this power supply.
In addition to being more expensive than stand-by UPS, it has the drawback of generating a lot of noise from its cooling fan.
Functions of UPS:
1. Power protection
When the main power cuts off, immediately UPS systems converts the DC power in the battery into AC power to avoid inconvenience caused by power failure. Thus, the computer system gets instant power supply from the UPS to save the data.
2. Voltage Stabilization
The UPS system provides the stable voltage power supply to ensure the normal operation of the computer system. The high or low voltage affects the life of the system, to avoid this the voltage stabilization is provided by using UPS.
3. Frequency Stabilization
The power frequency is most of the times unstable due to the power consumption used by the user. The UPS will convert the power to generate the stable frequency to ensure the normal operation.
4. Noise Reduction
The UPS protects systems and data, ensures normal device operation and extends service life without creating excessive machine noise.
How UPS Works?
The following figure shows the block diagram of UPS System:
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| Block Diagram of UPS |
The main Components of the UPS System are:
1. Rectifier and filter: It Converts the AC Power into DC and removes ripple contents.
2. Charger: It charges or stores the power into the battery.
3.Stabilizer: It stabilizes the electrical power.
4. Inverter: It Produces quality electrical power which is free from all the harmonics.
5. Switch: It is the semiconductor device that transfers the load from the inverter to the utility and then back again.
The Stand-by UPS works on the principle, that the inverter is connected in parallel with the AC input in the standby state and charges the battery. In normal mode operation, the load is supplied by utility power through filters which eliminate certain disturbances.
The Online UPS works on the principle, the inverter is connected in series between the AC input and the AC bypass input. When main source power is on, the UPS provides continuous power to the system and charges the battery. If the main power supply fails, the semiconductor switch immediately supplies the power from the battery to the system within a few milliseconds.
Advantages of UPS:
1.It provides emergency power supply.
2.It offers protection against the voltage surges.
3.It provides voltage stabilization.
4.It gives reduction in noise.
5.Saves from the loss of data or information.
Disadvantages of UPS:
1.It is not reliable.
2.Replacement of cost UPS Batteries is higher.
3.Installation of Ups is not easy.
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